1. Get to a safe place if you can
If the car is still moving, try to pull off the carriageway onto a hard shoulder, layby or side road. On smart motorways, use the next emergency refuge area if at all possible. Switch on hazard lights as soon as you slow down.
2. Get out on the safe side
On a motorway or A road, exit through the passenger side, away from traffic, and stand behind a barrier if there is one. Keep pets on a lead and passengers together away from the carriageway.
3. Wear something visible at night
If you have a high-vis vest, put it on before leaving the vehicle. Reflective material is far easier to see in headlights than dark clothing.
4. Call for help
If you are in a live lane or in immediate danger, dial 999. Otherwise call your breakdown provider or a local recovery firm. Have your location ready — a postcode, junction number or the nearest motorway marker post.
5. Stay clear of the vehicle while you wait
Do not try to fix the car at the roadside on a motorway. Wait behind a barrier for help. On quieter roads, only attempt simple checks if it is safe and you are confident.
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